# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Components

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The effectiveness and comfort of these products largely depend on the quality and composition of their raw materials. Understanding the materials used in sanitary pad production helps consumers make informed choices about the products they use.

## Core Materials in Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Stock)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven polypropylene or polyethylene
– Perforated plastic films
– Some premium brands use natural materials like organic cotton

Properties: Soft, breathable, and quick-drying to prevent skin irritation and maintain comfort.

### 2. Absorbent Core

This is the most crucial component that determines the pad’s absorption capacity. Common materials include:

– Wood pulp (fluff pulp)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Combination of both

Properties: High liquid absorption and retention capacity, prevents leakage, and maintains dryness.

### 3. Back Sheet

The bottom layer that prevents leakage and keeps moisture from reaching clothing. Materials include:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous films
– Biodegradable materials in eco-friendly options

Properties: Waterproof, flexible, and comfortable against clothing.

### 4. Adhesive

Used to keep the pad in place in underwear:

– Pressure-sensitive adhesives
– Medical-grade adhesives

Properties: Strong enough to stay in place but gentle on fabrics and easy to remove.

## Additional Components

### 1. Wings

Many pads include side wings for better protection. These are typically made from:

– Non-woven materials
– Plastic films with adhesive

### 2. Release Paper

Protects the adhesive before use, usually made from:

– Silicon-coated paper
– Plastic films

## Specialized Materials in Premium Pads

Some manufacturers incorporate advanced materials for enhanced performance:

– Odor-control additives (activated charcoal, baking soda)
– Aloe vera or vitamin E coatings for skin care
– Antibacterial treatments
– Organic cotton for sensitive skin

## Environmental Considerations

With growing environmental awareness, many brands are developing eco-friendly alternatives:

– Biodegradable top sheets from bamboo or corn fibers
– Plant-based adhesives
– Compostable back sheets
– Chlorine-free wood pulp

## Safety and Quality Standards

All materials used in sanitary pad production must meet strict safety regulations:

– Hypoallergenic properties
– Free from harmful chemicals
– Dermatologically tested
– Compliance with international standards (FDA, EU regulations)

## Conclusion

The composition of sanitary pad materials directly affects their performance, comfort, and safety. From the breathable top sheet to the highly absorbent core and leak-proof backing, each component plays a vital role. As technology advances, we’re seeing more innovative and environmentally friendly materials being incorporated into feminine hygiene products, offering better protection while reducing environmental impact.